I don't Understand!! (Translate)

Sunday, October 13, 2013

HOW BIBLIOTHERAPHY MAY BENEFIT YOUNG LEARNERS (IN MALAYSIA)

HI THERE! IF YOU ARE AN UNDERGRADUATE STUDENT AND LOOKING FOR MATERIALS FOR WRITINGS, THEN HERE'S SOME. THIS IS MY ORIGINAL WORK (which I got an A+ on it), BUT I'M WILLING TO SHARE TO ANYONE IN NEED... PLEASE BE NICE AND SAY "THANK YOU" ONCE YOU'VE GOT WHAT YOU NEED AND REMEMBER TO STATE YOUR REFERENCES. GOOD LUCK IN YOUR WORK AND HAVE A NICE DAY. 

-p.m-

       In the current global era, children’s life is significantly different from how it was many years back. Today’s children, especially those growing up in the developed countries, are facing physically agonizing, mentally traumatizing, and life changing experiences before they are even mature enough to have the ability of handling them. The inability to accept, understand and cope with their life’s problem is usually the reason why most of the children ended up being emotionally unstable, demotivated, lost their confidence, and at last being unsuccessful in later stage of their life.

      Being aware of this, many efforts has been put up in order to find the solution for this matter. One of the widely used methods of helping these kinds of children nowadays is Bibliotherapy. Bibliotherapy by definition is a form of supportive psychotherapy in which carefully selected reading materials are used to assist a subject in solving personal problems or for other therapeutic purposes (The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 2000). Therefore, in the therapeutic field we have today, bibliotherapy holds a huge importance in child development.

     Generally, bibliotherapy aims to assist children in overcoming their problems by having them read stories about characters who have successfully resolved a problem just like theirs. Young children are mostly unable to understand their feelings and express themselves; therefore, stories may serve as a platform of open discussion and self-understanding to them. As reading is thought from the earliest stage of their life, children are very familiar to it. This in turn makes bibliotherapy to be the perfect method in helping them with life’s problem. Reading suitable literary pieces with their problem will enable them to identify and validate their feelings subconsciously. To be able to achieve this however, emotional involvement in literary characters and characterization is crucial, and this will lead to the drive for the children to speak, act out or draw pictures to describe their innermost thoughts (Davies, 1999).

Bibliotherapy, on top of that, is also an effective method to inform children about problem that may occur to them and their peers. Therefore, bibliotherapy is actually educating the children about the truth about life – the realities of life – in a more gentle and delicate way. This way, children would be aware of the world and its dark sides, and they will build a general cognitive scheme pertaining to this.

Undoubtedly, most young children who fell into dilemmas may have not reach a cognitive development level where they are able to identify their problems, let alone understanding the means of overcoming them. Thus, bibliotherapy may become a very useful tool for them to see that they are not alone in the situation – the sense of mutuality. The children’s mind may be open to other individual, when they are made aware that what they are experiencing is a known problem, there is a solution for that, and there are other people who may be able to help them. Having the sense that they might share mutual trauma with others would in turn assist them in coping with their problems.

Preceding that, bibliotherapy is able to stimulate discussion among the students with other individuals as they have acquired the sense of mutuality. Thus, bibliotherapy also helps in building the sense of empathy within children. Initially, human are not necessarily born with empathy (Swayer, 2004, p.246). Through books, children learn not only about their feelings, but of others as well. This in turn will encourage discussions with other individuals. Through discussions, children will learn how they can be verbal about their emotions in pursuit of finding resolution for their problems, on top of understanding more deeply about the meanings of humanity.

            Other than that, through bibliotherapy students are actually doing researches on possible options for the solution to their problems. Through books, children will be given the chance to ponder upon alternative means of problem solutions. Stimulation is another way to put it. Children’s mind may sometimes be unpredictable. Through bibliotherapy, children will have the stimulations from their reading materials in order to come up with their own version of problem solution. In short, bibliotherapy is giving children the options of action.

            On top of being an effective psychological cure for children, bibliotherapy is also a perfect tool for teachers to encourage reading activities among their students. Therefore, bibliotherapy is not only subjected to be applied on troubled children, but generally, to any child or teenager. For students who do not have any particular trauma in their lives, reading literary materials used for bibliotherapy may enable them to become more understanding towards their peers who does. Thus, it may be possible for the children who suffer dilemmas, may find comfort from their peers who understand their emotional state.

            Subconsciously, bibliotherapy will teach them many things that we do not teach directly via school curriculum. Through bibliotherapy, students are able to explore, question, improvise and relate social and psychological issues they have read from books, with their own personal life or the life of the people close to them. Teachers are most unlikely to teach these matters like they do in typical classes at school. As reading activity is a process where, most of the time, readers have to be dependable on themselves for interpretations, the lessons or knowledge they gain are more likely pose greater impact towards them and last longer than information put into their mind by others.

The penultimate abstract is; bibliotherapy helps troubled children to see that life is not all ugly. Of course there are times where life can be a grim, sordid, dark and cold. But that is not the sole picture of the world. Though it’s not perfect, but the world if filled with joyous, colourful and warm home. It is filled with life.  Bibliotherapy may become a tool to keep the children’s hearts beating, and pursuit the beauty of the world and make their life with living.

         ­­As a summation, bibliotherapy is a powerful remedy in assisting children who suffer traumatic experiences. On top of that, it is also useful in educating other applicants who may not necessarily be a psychiatric patient. In the field of education, bibliotherapy is also a great tool to encourage and provoke reading activities and interest, in line with the nation’s educational aspiration of having citizens who value reading as a daily routine of life.

            (1055 words)

Sunday, July 1, 2012

all i'm able to do..

yep... have not being able to post anything since..... forever... 

It's tough being a minority, i tell you. let it be because of your race, ancestry, or religion....... especially religion.


I miss Sabah........... the old Sabah... the times when i did not know how many of my friends are christians, and how many of the are not. that was because we did not care about all of those....


After being in "the other nation" (since 'they' always say, "Semenanjung, Sabah & Sarawak") all of the wonderful harmonies that i used to experience at home - gone. turned to dusts. to shit.

Every time i open my Facebook, there they are...... posting some (many actually) ugly claims - and mostly far from truth - about my faith.

What on earth can i do? They're the boss.... they made sure we know that... at the same time appearing as a good Samaritan did they...


Don't get me wrong... please try to understand me, or us, and how would it be like, if you're in my shoes.
Since the incident of banning the usage of a word in The Herald publications, tensions between the people of multiple beliefs in this country worsened.... even in Sabah.



I'm not suppose to talk anything about this..... but i am not suppose to play dumb and shut up either.
All i'm saying is, many may not see it but....... We are being prosecuted. Come on.... even the outside media could see this.

I may provide you with some gruesome evidences, but then, i'd suppose you would want to Google further yourself.


Sometime ago, when i was in school, trying to do researches for my debate text, i've found so many books pertaining to religious issues written by these people of particular majority. 

In those book, they blatantly pointed out the flaws and ugly features of Christianity (eg, how the Holy Bible was re-written, how Christianity spread through violence etc).

Recently, i was doing an assignment about this religion's and Asian Civilization History... guess what? For the final chapter of the book was about how civilizations failed in Europe. The article was written by a scholar (as he appeared so), but then he mad some statement such as,

"Bagi saya, agama Kristianlah yang menyebabkan kejatuhan...." bla...blaa...blaaa... and so on. I still have the book to this day.

NOW, food for the thought; how would it be like if WE, the Christians, PUBLISH an EDUCATIONAL book with articles such as those?

Haha... for sure... it would not be tolerated. But? What action did they take on this matter?? None.

I've lost my interest to proceed on this matter for now. So, here's some links which you might find interesting...
http://www.malaysia-today.net/mtcolumns/guest-columnists/44940-the-persecution-of-malaysian-christians

http://www.jihadwatch.org/2011/08/malaysian-christians-finding-it-hard-to-ignore-worsening-persecution-at-the-hands-of-muslims.html

http://www.persecution.net/my-2007-06-20.htm



Lord Have Mercy.

Thursday, June 21, 2012

Literary Criticism: Psychoanalytic Theory - The Hairpin.


Hi there... This is one of my writings on THE HAIRPIN by Guy d Maupassant. If you're here to look for writing materials, please do, but be polite and remember to say "thanks". Good luck in your research. :)

NAME:
PETER MARLLONE PETRUS
UNIT:  PISMP TESL 1 SEMESTER 1 JAN 2012

Literary Criticism: Psychoanalytic Theory

Psychoanalytic literary criticism refers to literary criticism or literary theory which, in method, concept, or form, is influenced by the tradition of psychoanalysis begun by Sigmund Freud. Through his clinical work with patients suffering from mental illness, Freud came to believe that childhood experiences and unconscious desires influenced behaviour.
The Hairpin, by Guy de Maupassant, is about a man, who suffered extreme heartache after his lover betrayed his loyalty and unconditioned love. This man, whose name is never known, adores her lover, Monan Lescaut, more than anything in this world. In the story, we could see that he is constantly praising Lescaut about how feminine she is, how beautiful she is, and how she is incomparable with any other woman in this planet.
However, after the horrible incident which brought to the end of their courting period, where Monan Lescaut almost blind the man’s eye with a small hairpin, this man was extremely consumed by rage that he exiled himself to a stranger’s country. In one particular line of the story, we could get an insight on the psychological condition of this man.

“……We did indeed dine alone, on a terrace facing the sea. At the beginning of the meal, I spoke to him of this country, so rich, so far from the world, so little known. He smiled, answering indifferently.
"Yes, it is a beautiful country. But no country is attractive that lies so far from the country of one's heart."
"You regret France?"
"I regret Paris.”……”                         - “The Hairpin” Guy de Maupassant.

Hence, we could tell that the man has apparently been through a bitter time in his past, to the extent that he decided to carry on with his life and leave his hometown to a faraway country which is quite unfamiliar to the rest of the world. The man has been in this “unfamiliar” country for almost ten years. Yet, through this line, we could tell that he still is having problem in overcoming his bitter past. Then, not until we reach this line that we will find what really is going on with his life.

“…And if I did but tell you what an agonising life I had lead with her! When I looked at her, I wanted to kill her as sharply as I wanted to embrace her…”

It is made clear to the readers here that the man in this story, is madly in love with his woman, Monan Lescaut, but at the same time, is too consumed by rage that he feels like wanting to take away her life. The presence of irony is vivid here. This man is in love with Monan Lescaut, alas she has betrayed his faithfulness. This made the man feels an extreme devastation in his dear heart.

In psychoanalytic theory, the “ego” is Sigmund Freud’s term for the predominantly rational, logical, orderly, conscious part of the human mind. Another aspect of the psyche, which he called the superego, is a projection of the ego. According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory of personality, the superego is the component of personality composed of our internalized ideals that we have acquired from our parents and from society. The superego works to suppress the urges of the id and tries to make the ego behave morally, rather than realistically. The superego almost seems to be outside of the self, making moral judgments, telling us to make sacrifices for good causes even though self-sacrifice may not be quite logical or rational.

In the story The Hairpin, the man is psychologically controlled by his superego quality. Although he is in great agony from the betrayal, the man responds with action that is considerably acceptable to the society. Otherwise, the man would have strangled Manon Lescaunt to her grave at the moment he discovered she was being unfaithful in his love.

On the other hand, the short story of The Hairpin by Guy de Maupassant uses a lot of symbolism elements in the storyline, as far as I am capable of seeing. Lacanian psychoanalytic method of criticism would attempt to relate symbolic representation in a text, with the real life. In this particular short story, the hairpin is one of the many symbolic elements that can be found through the writing. A hairpin, as the world would know, is a seemingly harmless feminine accessory, which created for the purpose of keeping women appears tidy and pretty. However, Monan Lescaut appeared to use this harmless piece of metal as a potentially fatal weapon against a man.

In real life, women – many would think about beauty, softness, and many other nice words. However, women are also capable of being the worst nightmare of other creatures against her species. Women are also capable of doing the work those of men, and they could have been better in it. Thus, the world should think twice, or trice, before going for an attempt of underestimating the women’s ability.

On top of that, the oranges on the trees surrounding the man’s dwelling are also one symbolism element in this story. A ripe orange fruit, to most sensible human, is a beautiful structure. Round in shape, unique texture on the surface of the skin and coated with a rich colour like that of the sun. Inside, it is capable of delivering two different tastes on the taste buds – either sweet or sour. Once again, Guy de Maupassant embalmed the female sex with inanimate object. Maupassant’s actions of creating such symbolisms demonstrate the fragmentary nature of sentient beings. Thus, accepting this fact is expected through this demonstration.

To sum up, The Hairpin by Guy de Maupassant managed to deliver its message towards his reader very well. Overall, this story is emphasizing on the protagonist’s troubled mind over the history of his past. Symbolisms are also found abundant in this piece of writing, though the symbolization contains an apparent element of sexism. Lastly, this story is a good read, and worthwhile.
(987 words)


REFERENCES

Bressler, Charles E. (undated). Literary Criticism: An Introduction to Theory and
Practice Fifth Edition. Longman.

Cherry, Kendra. (2010). Psychoanalytic Theories of Development. Retrieved on 20th
March 2012 from http://psychology.about.com/od/developmentecourse/a/dev_
psychoanaly.htm

Eyre, Jane. (undated). Psychoanalytic Criticism and Jane Eyre. Retrieved on 20th
March 2012 from http://www.ux1.eiu.edu/~rlbeebe/what_is_psychoanalytic
_criticism.pdf

Lee, Elizabeth. (1996). Feminist Theory -- An Overview. Retrieved on 19th March
2012 from http://www.victorianweb.org/gender/femtheory.html

Switala, Kristin. (1999). Feminist Theory Website: English Introduction. Retrieved on
19th March 2012 from http://www.cddc.vt.edu/feminism/enin.html